Transformational Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness of the PNP Maneuver Forces

Authors

  • Rogelio G. Walay Apayao State College Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64358/jstgpa.v2i2.74

Keywords:

Transformational Leadership, Organizational Effectiveness, PNP Maneuver Forces, Law Enforcement Leadership

Abstract

This study determined the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational effectiveness of the Philippine National Police (PNP) First Provincial Mobile Force Company in Apayao using descriptive-correlational research design involving 172 operatives and officers. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, weighted mean, standard deviation, Peardon r, and t-test. The findings revealed that profile variables had very weak and insignificant relationship with transformational leadership and organizational effectiveness. However, transformational leadership showed a strong positive relationship with organizational effectiveness, indicating that effective leadership significantly contributes to organizational performance. The study further found no significant differences in the perception of transformational leadership when respondents were grouped according to their profile variables. The study concludes that transformational leadership is a key factor in achieving high organizational effectiveness and recommends strengthening leadership practices, continuing training, mentorship, and operational capability enhancement within the PNP maneuver Forces in Apayao

References

Aarons, G. A. (2006). Transformational and transactional leadership: Association with attitudes toward evidence-based practice. Psychiatric Services, 57(8), 1162–1169. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2006.57.8.1162

Abellana, J. J. M., & Nabe, N. C. (2025). The mediating role of organizational culture on the leadership skills of commission officers and service quality of PNP personnel. European Journal of Social Sciences Studies, 11(5).

Ablanido, J. Y., & Lopez, F. B. (2024). Stress and coping strategies among uniformed personnel in the enforcement of law. World Education Connect Multidisciplinary E-Publication, 4(4), 2–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11082024

Álvarez, O., Lila, M., Tomás, I., & Castillo, I. (2014). Transformational leadership in the local police in Spain: A leader-follower distance approach. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 17, E42. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2014.44

Álvarez-Solves, O., Lila, M., & Castillo, I. (2012). Leadership styles of local police in the Valencian Community: An approach based on transformational leadership theory. Anales de Psicología, 28(2), 548–557. https://revistas.um.es/analesps/article/view/analesps.28.2.148951

Aporbo, R., Chuan, R., & Chuan, E. (2023). Performance management of police officers in Tagum City, Davao del Norte: Basis for an intervention program. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(5), 1897–1912.

Apostol, C., & Nabe, N. (2024). The influence of professional development and decision-making on the individual work performance of police personnel. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 6(1), 83–101.

Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (2002). Developing potential across a full range of leadership: Cases on transactional and transformational leadership. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Avolio, B. J., & Yammarino, F. J. (Eds.). (2002). Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. Emerald Group Publishing.

Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.

Bass, B. M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19–31.

Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.

Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410617095

Bertalanffy, L. V. (1968). General system theory: Foundations, development, applications. George Braziller.

Cameron, K. S. (1986). Effectiveness as paradox: Consensus and conflict in conceptions of organizational effectiveness. Management Science, 32(5), 539–553.

Cameron, K. S., & Whetten, D. A. (1983). Organizational effectiveness: A comparison of multiple models. Academic Press.

Campbell, I., & Kodz, J. (2011). What makes great police leadership? What research can tell us about the effectiveness of different leadership styles and competencies.

Can, S. H., Hendy, H. M., & Can, M. B. E. (2017). A pilot study to develop the police transformational leadership scale (PTLS) and examine its associations with psychosocial well-being of officers. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 32(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-016-9204-y

Gempesao, M. C., Nabe, N. C., Chavez, C. B., & Magbojos, R. R. (2023). Transformational leadership of police commissioned officers and service engagement of non-commissioned personnel: The mediating role of personal ethics. European Journal of Education Studies, 10(7), 238–252.

Girodo, M. (1998). Machiavellian, bureaucratic, and transformational leadership styles in police managers: Preliminary findings of interpersonal ethics. Psychological Reports, 86(2), 419–429.

Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755–768. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.5.755

Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1966). The social psychology of organizations. Wiley.

Loren, L. W., & Mislang, M. (2021). Diversity in law enforcement: Study on work assignment among police officers. MSEUF.

Malnegr-Payo, J., & Revisa, W. A. (2023). Leadership styles of work climate of police stations in Davao City, Philippines. European Journal of Social Sciences Studies, 9(2).

Manuel, G. C., Ligan, V. O., & Bandiola, A. N. (2022). A causal model on work engagement of police commissioned officers in Region 11 concerning leadership, personality traits, and organizational commitment. International Journal of Research GRANTHAALAYAH, 10(10), 130–142. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v10.i10.2022.4835

Murphy, S. A., & Drodge, E. N. (2004). The four I’s of police leadership: A case study heuristic. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 6(1), 1–15.

Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed.). Sage Publications.

Northouse, P. G. (2022). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed.). Sage Publications.

Philippine National Police. (2020). Philippine National Police annual report 2020: Organizational performance and effectiveness. PNP Headquarters.

Poro, I., Ramos, S. A., Lejarde, J. J., & Macatangay, A. (2025). Understanding authority and aggression through a mixed-method approach: Insights from Philippine National Police. ResearchGate. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18209.67689

Salang, A. M. (2023). Implementation of PNP P.A.T.R.O.L. plan 2030 in one police provincial office. International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 11(13), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2023.1160

Sarver, B. M., & Miller, H. (2014). Police chief leadership: Styles and effectiveness. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 37(1), 126–143.

Schafer, J. A. (2010). Effective leaders and leadership in policing: Traits, assessment, development, and expansion. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 33(4), 644–663.

Vito, G. F., Higgins, G. E., & Denney, A. S. (2014). Transactional and transformational leadership: An examination of the leadership challenge model. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 37(4), 809–822.

Wright, B. E., & Pandey, S. K. (2010). Transformational leadership in the public sector: Does structure matter? Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 20(1), 75–89.

Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). Pearson Education.

Downloads

Published

2026-06-30

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Transformation, Governance and Public Administration

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Social Transformation, Governance and Public Administration

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Under this license, you may not use the material for any commercial purposes.

The images or other third-party material in this article are included under the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.